Causeway Bay, Hong Kong Photo: 123rf
The trial of 16 Hong Kong democracy activists charged under a national security law imposed by Beijing began on Monday with security tight for a case that some observers say will be a test of the city's judicial independence.
The defendants were those who pleaded not guilty out of 47 arrested in a dawn raid in January 2021 and who were charged with conspiracy to commit subversion for participating in an unofficial primary election organised by democracy supporters in 2020.
More than 100 people queued for seats in the court's public gallery, with dozens of police on standby and a bomb disposal vehicle deployed.
"There's no crime to answer. It is not a crime to act against a totalitarian regime," defendant and former lawmaker Leung Kwok-hung, known by the nickname "Long Hair", told the court.
Judge Andrew Chan responded that the hearing was a "solemn occasion" and asked for respect from the defendants and members of the public.
Prosecutors had described the primary election - held to select the strongest candidates to contest an election for the city's assembly, the Legislative Council (LegCo), as a "vicious plot" to subvert the city government and to wreak "mutual destruction" on it by taking control of the city parliament.
"Running for the LegCo election is ... what kind of violent threat?" Chan Po-ying, chairwoman of League of Social Democrats and Leung's wife said, outside the court.
The trial was expected to last 90 days, with three defendants expected to testify against the others, prosecutors said. The defendants faced sentences of up to life in jail if convicted.
Those who had pleaded not guilty included former journalist Gwyneth Ho, activist Owen Chow and labour unionist Winnie Yu.
All who pleaded guilty, including former law professor Benny Tai and prominent activist Joshua Wong, would be sentenced after the trial.
Hong Kong, a former British colony, was returned to China in 1997 under a "one country, two systems" formula meant to guarantee its freedoms and an independent legal system for 50 years.
China denied interfering with the city's way of life, but some Hong Kong residents over the years had criticised what they saw as the erosion of freedoms by an increasingly assertive Beijing.
Beijing imposed a national security law on the city in 2020 after months of at times violent pro-democracy protests.
Western governments had criticised the law, which punished subversion, collusion with foreign forces and terrorism with up to life in prison, as a tool to crush dissent.
Chinese and Hong Kong authorities said the law had brought stability to the Asian financial hub.
Since the law was imposed, more than 230 people had been arrested, including newspaper editors, following police raids on media outlets, while labour unions and civil society groups had disbanded.
Thirteen of the 47 arrested were granted bail in 2021, while the other 34 - including 10 who pleaded not guilty - were held in pre-trial custody.
The case had drawn international criticism, as government prosecutors repeatedly asked for more time to prepare legal documents and gather evidence.
Among a number of departures from established common law procedures, Secretary for Justice Paul Lam declined to let the defendants face a jury trial.
The case was being heard by three High Court judges designated under the national security law: Andrew Chan, Alex Lee and Johnny Chan.
-Reuters