A woman votes during the 2023 Presidential and National Assembly Elections in Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria. Photo: ADEKUNLE AJAYI / NURPHOTO / AFP
By Nduka Orjinmo for the BBC
Vote counting is under way in Nigeria's tightest presidential election since military rule ended in 1999.
Turnout appeared to be high, with many young, first-time voters arriving before dawn to cast their ballots.
The voting Saturday local time was marred by long delays at polling stations, as well as scattered reports of ballot box snatching and attacks by armed men.
And some parties have raised alarm over allegations of irregularities, which could lead to a disputed outcome.
The elections are the biggest democratic exercise in Africa, with 87 million people eligible to vote.
Politics has been dominated by two parties - the ruling APC and the PDP - since the restoration of multi-party democracy 24 years ago.
But this time, there is also a strong challenge from a third-party candidate in the race to succeed President Muhammadu Buhari - from the Labour Party's Peter Obi, who is backed by many young people.
Tens of thousands of polling stations are counting the results, which will be collated and sent to the electoral headquarters in the capital Abuja.
The final result is not expected until at least Tuesday local time.
At a press briefing on Saturday, the electoral chief, Mahmood Yakubu, apologised for the delays in voting, but he said that everyone who was in a queue by 14:30 local time would be allowed to cast their ballots, even though polling stations were officially supposed to close by then.
Voters in the biggest city, Lagos, cheered as electoral officers arrived at a polling station in the suburb of Lekki nearly four hours after polls had officially closed.
"As a Nigerian you expect any eventuality, so I came out with my power bank and a bottle of water. I will wait till they arrive so I can vote," first-time voter Edith told the BBC.
Voters queue at Nnamdi Azikiwe University polling station in Awka on February 25, 2023, during Nigeria's presidential and general election. Photo: PATRICK MEINHARDT / AFP
Reports of armed attacks at polling stations
There have been reports from Lagos of violence and ballot boxes being snatched. Some voters complained of being attacked and chased out of where they had gathered to cast their ballots.
In other places, people reported being asked to either vote for a particular candidate or leave the polling centre.
Yakubu said that armed men had attacked some polling units in the southern state of Delta and the northern state of Katsina, where voter card verification machines were carted away.
They were subsequently replaced and security boosted to allow voting to take place, he added.
But voting was postponed to Sunday at 141 polling stations in the oil-rich southern state of Bayelsa because of disruptions.
In the north-eastern state of Borno, Mr Yakubu said that militant Islamists had opened fire on electoral officers from a mountain top in the Gwoza area, injuring a number of officials.
The lead-up to the polls was overshadowed by a cash shortage caused by a botched attempt to redesign the currency, leading to widespread chaos at banks and cash machines as desperate people sought access to their money.
The new notes were introduced in order to tackle inflation, and also vote-buying. On the eve of the election a member of the House of Representatives was arrested with almost US$500,000 (NZ$812,000) in cash, and a list of people he was supposed to give it to, police say.
Whoever wins will have to deal with the currency redesign, a crumbling economy, high youth unemployment, and widespread insecurity which saw 10,000 killed last year.
Voters also cast their ballots for 109 federal senators and 360 members of the house of representatives, with another vote for state governors in March.
The election has seen a huge interest from young people - a third of eligible voters are below 35.
Obi, 61, is hoping to break up Nigeria's two-party system after joining the Labour Party last May.
Although he was in the PDP before then, he is seen as a relatively fresh face and enjoys fervent support among some sections of Nigeria's youth, especially in the south.
The wealthy businessman served as governor of the south-eastern Anambra State from 2006 to 2014. His backers, known as the "OBIdients", say he is the only candidate with integrity, but his critics argue that a vote for him is wasted as he is unlikely to win.
Instead, the PDP, which ruled until 2015, wants Nigerians to vote for Atiku Abubakar, 76 - the only major candidate from the country's mainly Muslim north.
He has run for the presidency five times before - all of which he has lost. He has been dogged by accusations of corruption and cronyism, which he denies.
Most of his career has been spent in the corridors of power, having worked as a top civil servant, vice-president and a prominent businessman.
Most people consider the election a referendum on the APC, which has overseen a period of economic hardship and worsening insecurity.
Its candidate, Bola Tinubu, 70, is credited with building Nigeria's commercial hub Lagos, during his two terms as governor until 2007.
He is known as a political godfather in the south-west region, where he wields huge influence, but like Abubakar, has also been dogged by allegations of corruption over the years and poor health, both of which he denies.
A candidate needs to have the most votes and 25 percent of ballots cast in two-thirds of Nigeria's 36 states to be declared the winner.
Otherwise, there will be a run-off within 21 days - a first in Nigeria's history.
- BBC