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Syrian refugees are in a desperate race to outrun the fighting as the Syrian army pledges to continue its campaign to wipe out militant groups "wherever they are found".
Tens of thousands of people are on the move.
Nearly 700,000 of the newly displaced are women and children, according to the latest UN figures.
Emma Beals is a Kiwi who has been covering Syria for many years.
She speaks to Susie Ferguson.