Former Italian prime minister Silvio Berlusconi pictured in 2008. Photo: AFP
By Davide Ghiglione and Sam Hancock, BBC News
Silvio Berlusconi, the Italian former PM who overcame various scandals to hold office four times, has died at 86.
He died at the San Raffaele hospital in Milan. In April, he was treated for a lung infection linked to leukaemia.
Berlusconi's death leaves a "huge void", Italy's defence minister said, with a national day of mourning due to take place on Wednesday.
The longest-serving prime minister in post-war Italy, he had bounced back from sex scandals and corruption cases.
After taking political office in 1994, the billionaire media tycoon led four governments until 2011 - though not consecutively.
Last September, Berlusconi's centre-right Forza Italia party went into coalition under right-wing Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni.
Reacting to the news, Meloni remembered her predecessor as a "fighter". In a video message, she said he remained "one of the most influential men in the history of Italy".
Her deputy Matteo Salvini said he was "broken" and thanked Berlusconi for his "friendship", "advice" and "generosity".
Defence Minister Guido Crosetto said: "An era is over... Farewell Silvio." His death left a "huge void", Crosetto added in a tweet.
The Italian government has declared a national day of mourning for Wednesday, the same day Berlusconi's funeral is scheduled to take place at Milan Cathedral.
"All Italian and European flags on public buildings will be lowered to half mast from Monday nationwide," a spokesman told the media.
Another figure to pay tribute was Vladimir Putin, who called Berlusconi a "true friend". In a statement the Russian president said he had always admired Berlusconi's "wisdom" and "ability to make balanced, far-sighted decisions".
The former Italian leader had been suffering from a rare form of blood cancer, chronic myelomonocyte leukaemia, doctors at San Raffaele revealed in April.
He had repeated health problems after contracting Covid in 2020. So far, there has been no official confirmation of the precise cause of death.
Born in 1936 in Milan, Berlusconi began his career selling vacuum cleaners, before setting up a construction company.
He went on to become one of Italy's richest men, building a business empire that included television networks, publishing companies and advertising agencies.
On top of that, he gained international recognition as owner of legendary football club AC Milan - which he saved from bankruptcy in 1986 - before going into politics in the 1990s.
Former AC Milan player and manager Carlo Ancelotti, who now manages the Real Madrid team, remembered Berlusconi as a "loyal, intelligent, sincere man".
Ancelotti, who twice won the Champions League with AC Milan under Berlusconi's ownership, said the former PM had been a fundamental part of his journey "as a football player first, and then as a coach".
Berlusconi was a polarising politician. He was praised by supporters for his business acumen and populist verve, but reviled by critics for his disregard for the rule of law.
Throughout his political career, he faced a string of legal troubles, including charges of bribery, tax fraud, and sex with an underage prostitute. He was convicted on several occasions, but avoided jail because of his age and the expiry of statutes of limitations.
- BBC