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A person who helped alert police about a threat to attack two Christchurch mosques had previously met the man who was arrested and recognised him online.
With help from Paparoa - a group that tracks white supremacy and extremism on the internet - he also provided the police with the accused's name.
Paparoa says this raises serious questions about exactly what role the security agencies had in the operation.
The minister responsible for the country's spy agencies, however, is confident it was the SIS who identified the person who has now been charged with threatening to kill.
Political reporter Katie Scotcher has been looking into this.