French President Emmanuel Macron speaks during a meeting with China's French community at the residence of France's ambassador in Beijing. Photo: LUDOVIC MARIN
French President Emmanuel Macron has landed in China ahead of EU chief Ursula von der Leyen as the two European leaders seek to smooth ties with a key economic partner while broaching thorny issues like Ukraine and trade risks.
Macron on his first trip to China since 2019, spoke to US President Joe Biden before the visit about trying to engage Chinese President Xi Jinping on the Ukraine involving close ally Russia.
Von der Leyen has not travelled to China since becoming European Commission president more than three years ago, with China's strict pandemic controls forcing all diplomatic meetings online.
In that time, Europe's relations with China soured, first due to a stalled investment pact in 2021 and then Beijing's refusal to condemn Russia over Ukraine.
For Macron, facing fierce pension protests at home, the trip also offers a chance to land some economic wins as he travels with a 50-strong business delegation, including Airbus , which is negotiating a big plane order, Alstom and nuclear giant EDF.
However, some analysts said ostentatious deal-signing would appear opportunistic and a snub to US hegemonic interests.
"It's not the time to announce business deals or big new investments," said Noah Barkin, an analyst with Rhodium Group. "It would essentially be a vote of confidence in the Chinese economy and send the message that France is not on board with the US approach."
Von der Leyen has said the EU must "de-risk" ties with Beijing, including limiting Chinese access to sensitive technology and reducing reliance for key inputs such as critical minerals, as well as batteries, solar panels and other clean tech products.
Macron invited von der Leyen on the trip as a way to project European unity, after French officials criticised German Chancellor Olaf Scholz for going to China on his own late last year.
Macron has pushed the EU to be more robust in trade relations with China and is broadly supportive of von der Leyen's stance, the French president's advisers said, but he has publicly refrained from using strong anti-China rhetoric, Beijing being prone to bilateral retaliatory measures.
Beyond trade, both have said they want to persuade China to use influence over Russia in relation to Ukraine, or at least prevent Beijing from directly supporting its ally.
"Both have not only business in mind but also Ukraine," Joerg Wuttke, president of the EU Chamber of Commerce in China, said of Macron and von der Leyen.
"I'm sure it's not going to be an easy visit."
China this year proposed a 12-point peace plan for the Ukraine crisis, which called on both sides to agree to a gradual de-escalation leading to a comprehensive ceasefire.
But the plan was largely dismissed by the West due to China's refusal to condemn Russia, and the U.S. and NATO then said China was considering sending arms to Russia, which Beijing has denied.
Suspicion of Chinese motives only deepened after Xi flew to Moscow for hours of closed-door meetings with Russian President Vladimir Putin last month.
EU chief Ursula von der Leyen is joining Macron hoping to smooth ties with key economic partner China. Photo: AFP
"Considering China's proximity with Russia, it's obvious it is one of the few countries, if not the only one, which could have a game-changing effect on the conflict, in one way or another," one of Macron's advisers said ahead of the trip.
In a meeting with Xi in Beijing last week, Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez said he had encouraged the Chinese leader to talk to the Ukrainian leadership and learn first-hand about their peace formula.
Macron and von der Leyen are expected to echo the message that Xi should talk to Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy.
After brokering a surprise detente between Iran and Saudi Arabia last month, China has been eager to present itself as a peacemaker and alternative to the United States, which it says is fanning flames by sending weapons to Ukraine.
EU visit comes as US tries to contain China
The talks with European leaders come amid high tension with the US over issues ranging from Taiwan to bans on semiconductor exports, and China is eager that Europe does not follow what it sees as a US-led effort to contain its economic rise.
Taking aim at von der Leyen's comments last week on the risks of trade with China, the state-run Chinese outlet Global Times warned Europe would suffer from any attempt to cut economic ties with Beijing.
"The EU is in a difficult struggle as it is under great pressure from the US to adjust its economic relations with China. China and EU decoupling will only serve US interests, but make both China and Europe suffer," it said.
But aside from some hard talk on Ukraine and trade tension, the trip will serve up some lighter opportunities to demonstrate what Macron's adviser said was an attempt to "reset" diplomatic and economic relations with China.
On Friday, Xi will accompany Macron on a trip to the southern port of Guangzhou, where the first French ship reached Chinese shores in the 17th century and where France opened its first consulate.
After meeting students there, Macron will attend a dinner and tea ceremony with the Chinese leader who also has sentimental attachment to the city as his late father, Xi Zhongxun, worked there as provincial first secretary.
"We believe that this has very large symbolic significance and suggests that (France) is ready to relaunch cooperation with China," said Henry Huiyao Wang, president of the Centre for China and Globalisation, a Beijing-based think tank.
-Reuters
* This story was edited inappropriately and has been corrected. RNZ is concerned and takes this matter extremely seriously. We are investigating and have taken appropriate action.
In a previous version of this story, this line:
But the plan was largely dismissed by the West due to China's refusal to condemn Russia, and the US and NATO then said China was considering sending arms to Russia, which Beijing has denied.
Suspicion of Chinese motives only deepened after Xi flew to Moscow for hours of closed-door meetings with Russian President Vladimir Putin last month.
Macron said it was imperative Russia not be allowed to have an exclusive dialogue with China and that Beijing could help in brokering an end to the conflict in Ukraine.
had been changed to read: The plan was largely dismissed by the West, as an expected Ukrainian counter-offensive looms.
Western unease with China's involvement deepened after President Xi Jinping flew to Moscow for meetings with Russia's President Vladimir Putin last month.
Macron has said he was also keen to stress to Xi, who he will meet alongside von der Leyen on that Europe will not accept China providing arms to Russia. There is no evidence China has provided weapons and denies US accusations it is thinking of doing so.
In addition, this line: After brokering a surprise peace deal between Iran and Saudi Arabia last month, China has presented itself as a peacemaker, while accusing the US of being the opposite, fanning flames by sending weapons to Ukraine and using NATO to encircle Russia's borders.
was edited to read: After brokering a surprise detente between Iran and Saudi Arabia last month, China has been eager to present itself as a peacemaker and alternative to the United States, which it says is fanning flames by sending weapons to Ukraine.