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An estimated 753,000 New Zealanders live with migraines, which can be debilitating and disabling.
This could be a headache that limits activity for a day or more, light sensitivity, or nausea.
New research using advanced imaging techniques is revealing more about what is actually happening in the brain.
Auckland-based neurologist Dr Ray Bose specialises in migraine- he received his Doctorate in Clinical Neuroscience from King's College London.
Dr Bose says some of the brain changes being identified can be reversed by medications targeting a key neurotransmitter in the brain.
He talks to Kathryn about drug and non-drug treatments for migraine.